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Chapter III -
States of the Mind
Raja Yoga is mainly concerned with the mind, its modifications
and its control. There are five states of the mind - Kshipta,
Mudha, Vikshipta, Ekagra and Niruddha. Usually the mind is
running in various directions; its rays are scattered. This is
the Kshipta state. Sometimes it is self-forgetful, it is full
of foolishness (Mudha). When you try to practice
concentration, the mind seems to get concentrated but gets
distracted often. This is Vikshipta. But with prolonged and
repeated practice of concentration again and again, and
repeating Lord's Name, it becomes one-pointed. This is called
the Ekagra state. Later on, it is fully controlled (Niruddha).
It is ready to be dissolved in the Supreme Purusha, when you
get Asamprajnata Samadhi.
To have peace of mind, you will have to cultivate the four
great virtues - Maitri, Karuna, Mudita and Upeksha. Maitri
(friendliness), you should have towards equals. You should
have Karuna (compassion) for those who are in distress. You
should have Mudita (complacency) towards those who are
superior to you. Complacency will destroy jealousy. All are
your brothers. If a man is placed in a better position, feel
happy over it. When you come across wicked people, be
indifferent to them. This is Upeksha (indifference). By these
methods, you will have peace of mind.
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